Cr对Zr-0.3Cu合金在360 ℃/18.6 MPa/0.01 M LiOH水溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

通过制备Zr-0.3Cu-xCr(x=0.2,0.5,1.0,%,质量分数,下同)合金,并在360℃/18.6 MPa/0.01 mol/L LiOH水溶液中进行高压釜腐蚀实验,研究了Cr对Zr-0.3Cu合金腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,随Cr含量增加,Zr-0.3Cu-xCr中的ZrCr₂第二相数量增多,而Zr₂Cu第二相数量无明显变化。在360℃/18.6 MPa/0.01 mol/L LiOH水溶液中,Zr-0.3Cu-0.2Cr合金的耐腐蚀性能较好,可能与氧化膜/基体界面较厚的ZrO过渡层和基体内较少的第二相有关。然而,当Cr含量超过0.5%时,由于合金中第二相数量增多,氧化时产生的缺陷较多,Zr-0.3Cu-xCr合金腐蚀加剧。     

Effects of Nb Addition on Charpy Impact Properties of TiVTa Refractory High-Entropy Alloy

In the present study, the effects of Nb addition on Charpy impact properties of TiVTa refractory high-entropy alloy with high strength-ductility trade-off were systematically studied by using the instrumented Charpy impact testing machine. The experimental results showed that the impact toughness was remarkably improved by Nb addition in TiVTa to form TiVTaNb alloy. The crack initiation energy and propagation energy of TiVTaNb were 67.3% and 24.9% higher than that of TiVTa, indicating that Nb addition simultaneously reinforced the resistance to crack initiation and propagation. The impact fracture of TiVTaNb exhibited larger bending degree of shear lips, deeper dimples and more secondary cracks which effectively dissipated more impact energy. The deformation mechanism of TiVTa alloy was dominated by dislocation activities. While in TiVTaNb, the deformation mechanism was synergized by dislocation activities and deformation twinning, which were the main contributors for the improved impact properties and the stronger crack resistance of TiVTaNb alloy under impact loading.     

木炭添加量对多孔莫来石陶瓷性能的影响

为了改善以木炭为造孔剂的多孔莫来石陶瓷的性能,以烧结莫来石(0.25~0.3 mm)、SiO2微粉、Al2O3微粉、滑石粉、球黏土、膨润土、甲基纤维素、木炭粉(≤0.044 mm)为原料,研究了不同量的木炭粉(外加质量分数分别为0、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、12%)对多孔莫来石坯体的成型外观、烘干后的常温耐压强度及1 400℃保温3 h热处理后的显气孔率和常温耐压强度的影响,并对不同木炭添加量的多孔莫来石试样进行了显微结构分析。结果表明:外加质量分数≤8%的木炭,制成的多孔莫来石坯体可较好成型;外加质量分数2%~8%木炭的莫来石坯体与不添加木炭的相比,烘干后试样的常温耐压强度明显提高;多孔莫来石热处理后的显气孔率随着木炭添加量的增加而增加,常温耐压强度随之降低。综合考虑多孔莫来石陶瓷各项性能,木炭外加质量分数不宜超过8%。     

Flame retardancy and thermal property of novel UV-curable epoxy acrylate coatings modified by melamine-based hyperbranched polyphosphonate acrylate

A novel melamine-based hyperbranched polyphosphonate acrylate (MHPA), successfully synthesized via the Michael addition polymerization of 2-(2-amino-ethylamino)-4,6-bisethylamino-1,3,5-triazine with tri(acryloyloxyethyl) phosphate, was blended with the epoxy acrylate (EA) to prepare UV-cured flame retardant coatings. The study of their flammability revealed that MHPA can improve the flame retardancy and the sample with 45 wt% MHPA (EA3) showed a good intumescent behavior when combusted. The results of their thermal degradation displayed that MHPA had a dual effect on the thermal stability of EA: leading to its earlier degradation catalyzed by acidic species from the relatively weak phosphorus-bearing parts, but improving the thermal stability of the char layer at high temperature due to the formed intumescent phosphorus–carbon compounds. Besides, the total release amount of gas products of EA3 was much lower than that of pure EA and various flammable gases like hydrocarbons and highly toxic CO were also reduced     

与食品接触不锈钢制品痕量铅迁移量的测定

通过GF-AAS分析技术,采用标准加入法,对基体效应、基体改进剂、共存元素干扰、仪器分析参数等因素的研究,确定分析的最佳条件,建立了与食品接触不锈钢制品中痕量铅迁移量测定的方法。结果表明,该分析方法准确、可靠、操作性强;检出限为0.2μg/L;相对标准偏差在1.9%~3.1%之间;回收率在95%~107%之间。     

雷美替胺关键中间体2-（2,6,7,8-四氢-1H-茚并[5,4-b]呋喃-8-基）丙烯酸乙酯的合成

通过串联的C-H活化Heck反应和分子内迈克尔加成,我们完成了一种雷美替胺的关键中间体2-（2,6,7,8-四氢-1H-茚并[5,4-b]呋喃-8-基）丙烯酸乙酯的合成。     

纳米二氧化硅催化剂催化Michael加成反应

脱水活化后的纳米二氧化硅颗粒能有效催化Michael加成反应,研究了不同温度及六甲基二硅氮烷(HMDS)处理改变二氧化硅表面性质后催化剂的催化性能改变。结果表明,随着热处理温度的升高,二氧化硅催化活性降低;HMDS能够覆盖其表面的单独硅羟基,从而降低二氧化硅催化活性。研究表明,二氧化硅表面的硅羟基是催化活性中心,催化活性与硅羟基浓度相关。不同溶剂对反应活性影响明显,DMF为反应的最佳溶剂,反应收率最高可达71%。     

加料方式对共沉淀法制备的Cu/MnO/Al2O3催化剂性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备Cu/MnO/Al₂O₃催化剂,运用N₂吸附-脱附、XRD、XRF和H₂-TPR等对其进行表征,并用于乙酸甲酯加氢制乙醇反应,考察共沉淀加料方式对催化剂结构及其催化性能的影响。结果表明,共沉淀时采用的加料方式显著影响制备的Cu/MnO/Al₂O₃催化剂的织构性质、CuO晶粒大小、还原性能和化学组成,这些因素共同作用决定了催化剂在乙酸甲酯加氢反应中的催化性能。其中,反加法制得的催化剂Cu和Mn组分含量相对比值接近理论值,且具有较高的比表面积和较佳的还原性能,因而表现出最佳的催化性能,在反应温度200 ℃、压力6.5 MPa、空速0.6 h^-1和氢酯物质的量比50条件下,乙酸甲酯转化率和乙醇选择性分别达98.9%和98.1%。     

Enantioselective Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Indoles to β‐Substituted Unsaturated Acyl Phosphonates

The first copper‐catalyzed enantioselective conjugate addition of indoles to β‐substituted unsaturated acyl phosphonates was successfully realized by using a heteroarylidene‐tethered bis(oxazoline) ligand. The reaction features high efficiency, cheap catalyst and broad generality. In the case of either β‐alkyl‐ or β‐aryl‐substituted unsaturated acyl phosphonates, the 3‐indolyl adducts were achieved in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee). The 3‐indolyl adducts can serve as important intermediates in the synthesis of indole alkaloids.